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When war broke out between France and Prussia in the summer of 1870, one of the first targets of the invading German armies was Strasbourg. From August 15 to September 27, Prussian forces bombarded this border city, killing hundreds of citizens, wounding thousands more, and destroying many historic buildings and landmarks. For six terror-filled weeks, "the city at the crossroads" became the epicenter of a new kind of warfare whose indiscriminate violence shocked contemporaries and led to debates over the wartime protection of civilians. The Siege of Strasbourg recovers the forgotten history of this crisis and the experiences of civilians who survived it. Rachel Chrastil shows that many of the defining features of "total war," usually thought to be a twentieth-century phenomenon, characterized the siege. Deploying a modern tactic that traumatized city-dwellers, the Germans purposefully shelled nonmilitary targets. But an unintended consequence was that outsiders were prompted to act. Intervention by the Swiss on behalf of Strasbourg's beleaguered citizens was a transformative moment: the first example of wartime international humanitarian aid intended for civilians. Weaving firsthand accounts of suffering and resilience through her narrative, Chrastil examines the myriad ethical questions surrounding what is "legal" in war and what rights civilians trapped in a war zone possess. The implications of the siege of Strasbourg far exceed their local context, to inform the dilemmas that haunt our own age--in which collateral damage and humanitarian intervention have become a crucial part of our strategic vocabulary.

Military art and science --- History. --- Siege (Strasbourg, France : 1870) --- Franco-Prussian War --- 1870 - 1871 --- Strasbourg (France) --- Strasbourg (France) --- History --- History.

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Das Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg ist wahrscheinlich das einzige Museum Europas, das von der nationalsozialistischen Besatzung, im Sinne rechtmäßiger Eigentumsübertragungen, profitiert hat. Neben der Gründungsphase unter Wilhelm von Bode (1845-1929) müssen die Jahre 1940 bis 1944, in denen das Haus von Kurt Martin (1899-1975) geleitet wurde, als für den Ausbau des Gemäldebestands maßgeblich genannt werden. Die Entwicklung der Sammlung dieses französischen Museums unter der Leitung eines Deutschen während des Zweiten Weltkriegs und in der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit bildet den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Publikation. Anhand von bislang unausgewertetem Quellenmaterial werden die kulturpolitischen Ereignisse in der Region Baden/Elsass detailliert nachgezeichnet und bezogen auf Kurt Martin analysiert. Die parallel angelegte, institutionsgeschichtliche wie biographische Untersuchung ermöglicht die Darstellung historischer Fakten vor der Folie der individuellen Zwänge und Handlungsspielräume eines Kunsthistorikers, der seine berufliche Karriere trotz Ablehnung der Partei zwischen 1933 und 1945 fortgesetzt hat. Martins Einkäufe auf dem internationalen Kunstmarkt, seine innerhalb der wechselnden Rechtssysteme realisierten Ausstellungen, die Verbringung der Straßburger Objekte in deutsche Sicherheitsdepots sowie ihre Rückführung ins Elsass nach 1945 liefern als exemplarische Mikrogeschichte wichtige neue Aspekte zum Erschließen des historischen Makrozusammenhangs. Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Johann-Daniel-Schöpflin-Preis 2012 ausgezeichnet.

National socialism and art --- Nazisme et art --- Martin, Kurt, --- Musée des beaux arts de Strasbourg --- History. --- Musée des beaux arts de Strasbourg --- Art and national socialism --- Nazi art --- Martin, K. --- Musée des beaux-arts de la ville de Strasbourg --- Musée des beaux-arts (Strasbourg, France) --- Strasbourg (France). --- Strasbourg. --- Art --- Kunstmuseum der Stadt Strassburg (Germany)

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Imbued with character and independence, strength and articulateness, humor and conviction, abundant biblical knowledge and intense compassion, Katharina Schütz Zell (1498-1562) was an outspoken religious reformer in sixteenth-century Germany who campaigned for the right of clergy to marry and the responsibility of lay people-women as well as men-to proclaim the Gospel. As one of the first and most daring models of the pastor's wife in the Protestant Reformation, Schütz Zell demonstrated that she could be an equal partner in marriage; she was for many years a respected, if unofficial, mother of the established church of Strasbourg in an age when ecclesiastical leadership was dominated by men. Though a commoner, Schütz Zell participated actively in public life and wrote prolifically, including letters of consolation, devotional writings, biblical meditations, catechetical instructions, a sermon, and lengthy polemical exchanges with male theologians. The complete translations of her extant publications, except for her longest, are collected here in Church Mother, offering modern readers a rare opportunity to understand the important work of women in the formation of the early Protestant church.

Reformation --- Christian women --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- Religious life. --- History --- Strasbourg (France) --- Church history. --- religion, christianity, spirituality, reform, women in the church, feminism, gender, bible, scripture, doctrine, protestant, germany, luther, clergy, marriage, celibacy, gospel, lay people, partnership, equality, pastors wife, leadership, strasbourg, france, consolation, devotionals, catechism, sermons, theology, motherhood, nonfiction.

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Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory is quite an interesting place for historians: several changes of nationality between France and Germany, high-profile scientists having been based there, big projects born or installed in its walls, and so on. Most of the documents circulating on the history of the Observatory and on related matters have however been so far poorly referenced, if at all. This made necessary the compilation of a volume such as this one, offering fully-documented historical facts and references on the first decades of the Observatory history, authored by both French and German specialists. The experts contributing to this book have done their best to write in a way understandable to readers not necessarily hyperspecialized in astronomy nor in the details of European history. After an introductory chapter by the Editor, contributions by Wolfschmidt and by Duerbeck respectively deal extensively with the German periods and review people and instrumentation, while another paper by Duerbeck is more specifically devoted to World War II times. A subsequent chapter by Débarbat describes the development of instrumentation at Strasbourg Observatory during the French period between World Wars. Several contributions are devoted to specific astronomers such as Wislicenus (Duerbeck), Wirtz (Duerbeck & Seitter), and Muller (Bacchus). Two chapters by Heck and Jung deal with the genesis and the first years of the Stellar Data Center (CDS) installed at Strasbourg Observatory, while Kovalevsky recalls that the Hipparcos space experiment was born there. Seggewiss reminds the links of the Observatory with the Astronomische Gesellschaft, starting with the inauguration of the place. Bodenmuller & Heck discuss the visibility of the Observatory in the regional press around the beginning of the 20th century and two notes by Heck analyze respectively the Coronelli globe of the observatory and Danjon & Rougier’s first spectroscopic studies of the green flash from Strasbourg. Several appendices conclude the book: lists of council members and of Observatory scientific personnel, as well as a compendium of the institutional publications until Year 2000. This book will be most usefully read by historians, researchers, teachers, librarians as well as by students in astronomy and sociologists of science.

Observatories --- Astronomy --- History. --- Physical sciences --- Space sciences --- Buildings --- Research --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- History, general. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Observatoire de Strasbourg --- Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg --- Observatoire astronomique (Strasbourg, France) --- Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg. --- Kaiserliche Universitäts-Sternwarte in Strassburg --- Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg

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Based on in-depth, lively interviews with 80 men and 80 women ranging from 101 to 20 years, and from all over the world (France, Germany, Alsace-Lorraine, Portugal, Italy, ex-Yugoslavia, Albania, Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, Cameroon, and Afghanistan amongst other countries), the author draws out of these powerful testimonies all sorts of compelling insights into issues of identity, race, nationality, culture, politics, heritage and representation, giving a unique and valuable view of what it means (and has meant over the past century) to be a European.

Interviews --- Nationalism --- Ethnicity --- National characteristics, European. --- European national characteristics --- Ethnic identity --- Group identity --- Cultural fusion --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Conversation --- Interviewing --- Strasbourg (France) --- Strateburgum (France) --- Stratisburgium (France) --- Istrāsbūrg (France) --- Strassburg (Germany) --- Strasbourg (Free imperial city) --- Social life and customs. --- Social conditions. --- History. --- National characteristics, European --- 911.3 <4> --- Sociale geografie. Culturele geografie--Europa --- Strossburi (France) --- Strossburig (France)